Ann Clarke
Research Scientist, Immunology, MD, MSc, FRCPC![](https://www.arthritisresearch.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ann_-clarke.jpg)
Appointments
- Arthritis Society Chair in Rheumatic Diseases
- Professor, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary
- Professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary
- Director, University of Calgary Lupus Centre of Excellence
Research Interests
- Epidemiology, economics, and outcomes of rheumatic diseases
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Dr. Ann Clarke is a Professor in the Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and holds the Arthritis Society Chair in Rheumatic Diseases. She is an established investigator in the epidemiology, economics, and outcomes of rheumatic diseases, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Between 1997 and 2013, She was Co-Director of the McGill University Health Centre Lupus Clinic, one of the largest such clinics in North America, and in 2013, she instituted and is the current Director of the University of Calgary Lupus Centre of Excellence.
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Isenberg D, Sturgess J, Allen E, Aaranow C, Aringer M, Askanase A, Sang-Cheol B, Bernatsky S, Bruce IN, Buyon J, Cervera R, Chambers S, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Croca S, Clarke AE, Dooley MA, Fortin P, Giles I, Ginzler E, Gladman D, Griffiths B, Hanly J, Inanc M, Jacobsen S, Kamen D, Khamashta M, Lanyon P, Lim, Manzi S, Moreland E, Mosca M, Nived O, Peschken C, Petri M, Kulunian K, Rahman A, Ramsey-Goldman R, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Schneider M, Steinsson K, Sturfelt G, Urowitz M, van Vollenhoven R, Vasconcelos C, Wallace D, Zoma A, Merrill J, Gordon C. A study of flare assessment in SLE based on paper patients. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Jan;70(1):98-103. doi: 10.1002/acr.23252. Epub 2017 Dec 8. PMID: 28388813. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28388813 Couture J, Ben-Soshan M, Pineau C, Scott S, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S, Vinet E. Increased risk of allergic conditions in children born to women with SLE. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Feb;70(2):315-319. doi: 10.1002/acr.23251. Epub 2018 Jan 22. PMID: 28382783. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28382783 Chan K, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R, Foulkes W, Tessier Cloutier B, Urowitz M, Gladman D, Nived O, Romero-Diaz J, Ginzler E, Fortin PR, Bae S-C, Wallace D, Yelin EH, Bernatsky S. Breast Cancer in SLE: Receptor status and treatment. 2018 Jan;27(1):120-123. doi: 10.1177/0961203317713146. Epub 2017 Jun 8. PMID: 28595511. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28595511 Jolly M, Toloza S, Goker B, Bourre-Tessier J, Clarke AE, Navarra S, Wallace D, Weisman M, Block J, Mok CC. Disease specific quality of life in patients with Lupus Nephritis. 2018 Feb;27(2):257-264. doi: 10.1177/0961203317717082. Epub 2017 Jul 20. PMID: 28728507. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28728507 Bernatsky S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Rosalind PH, Petri M, Urowitz M, Gladman DD, Yelin E, Peschken C, Hanly J, Spitz M, Hung R, Hansen JE, Clarke AE, SLICC. Smoking is the most significant modifiable lung cancer risk factor in SLE. J Rheumatol. 2018 Mar;45(3):393-396. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.170652. Epub 2018 Jan 15. PMID: 29335347. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29335347 Barber MR, Hanly JG, Su L, Urowitz MB, St.Pierre Y, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler EM, Petri M, Bruce IN, Dooley MA, Fortin P, Gladman DD, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Khamashta MA, Aranow C, Alarcon GS, Chatham W, Manzi S, Nived O, Jonsen A, Zoma AA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Kalunian KC, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Theriault C, Farewell V, Clarke AE. Economic evaluation of lupus nephritis in the SLICC inception cohort using a multistate model approach. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Sep;70(9):1294-1302. doi: 10.1002/acr.23480. Epub 2018 Aug 17. PMID: 29193883. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29193883 Hanly J, Li Q, Su L, Urowitz MB, Gordon C, Bae SC, Romero-Diaz J, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Bernatsky S, Clarke AE, Wallace D, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Merrill J, Fortin P, Gladman D, Bruce I, Petri M, Ginzler E, Dooley MA, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Zoma A, Manzi S, Nived O, Jonsen A, Khamashta M, Alarcon G, Clatham W, van Vollenhoven R, Aranow C, Mackay M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Ramos-Casals M, Lim S, Inanc M, Kalunian K, Jacobsen S, Peschken C, Kamen D, Askenase A, Theriault C, Farewell V. Cerebrovascular events in SLE. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Oct;70(10):1478-1487. doi: 10.1002/acr.23509. Epub 2018 Sep 1. PMID: 29316357. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29316357 Bisung E, Elliott S, Clarke AE. Non-pharmacological interventions for enhancing the working life of patients with lupus: a systematic review. 2018 Sep;27(10):1755-1756. doi: 10.1177/0961203318777119. Epub 2018 May 17. PMID: 29768969. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29768969 Jorge AM, Melles RB, Zhang Y, Lu N, Rai SK, Young LH, Costenbader KH, Ramsey-Goldman R, Lim SS, Esdaile JM, Clarke AE, Urowitz M, Askanase A, Aranow C, Petri M, Choi H. Hydroxychloroquine prescription trends and predictors for excess dosing per recent Ophthalmology guidelines. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2018 Jul 5;20(1):133. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1634-8. PMID: 29976231. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29976231 McDonald E, Bissonnette L, Ensworth S, Dayan N, Keeling S, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S, Vinet E. Monitoring of SLE pregnancies: A systematic literature review. J Rheumatol. 2018 Oct;45(10):1477-1490. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171023. Epub 2018 Jul 15. PMID: 30008450. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30008450 Ladouceur A, Bernatsky S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Clarke AE. Managing cancer risk in patients with SLE. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018 Oct;14(10):793-802. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1519394. Epub 2018 Sep 14. PMID: 30183456. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30183456 Keeling S, Alubdurubalnabi Z, Avina-Zubieta A, Barr S, Bergeron L, Bernatsky S, Bourre-Tessier J, Clarke AE, Dionne AB, Dutz J, Ensworth S, Fifi-Mah A, Fortin PR, Gladman D, Haaland D, Hanly JG, Hiraki L, Hussein S, Legault K, Levy D, Lim L, Matsos M, Mcdonald E, Medina-Rosas J, Pardi JP, Peschken C, Pineau C, Pope J, Rader T, Reynolds J, Silverman E, Tselios K, Suitner M, Urowitz M, Touma Z, Vinet E, Santesso N. Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA) recommendations for the assessment and monitoring of SLE in Canada. J Rheumatol. 2018 Oct;45(10):1426-1439. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171459. Epub 2018 Sep 1. PMID: 30173152. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30173152 Campbell EJ, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Based Presentation of Renal, Neurologic, and Hematologic Emergencies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018 Oct;14(10):803-816. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1518132. Epub 2018 Sep 20. PMID: 30173578. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30173578 Choi M, Clarke AE, St. Pierre Y, Hanly J, Urowitz M, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler EM, Petri M, Bruce IN, Dooley MA, Forton P, Gladman DD, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Khamashta MA, Aranow C, Alarcon GS, Manzi S, Nived O, Zoma AA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Kalunian KC, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Buyon J, Mahler MM, Fritzler M. Ana-negative SLE: re-evaluation in an international inception cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Jul 25. doi: 10.1002/acr.23712. PMID: 30044551. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30044551 Wirestam L, Enocsson H, Skogh T, Padyukov L, Jonsen A, Urowitz M, Gladman DD, Romero-Diaz J, Bae SC, Fortin PR, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S, Gordon C, Hanly JG, Wallace D, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Merrill J, Ginzler E, Alarcon GS, Chatham WW, Petri M, Khamashta M, Aranow C, Mackay M, Dooley MA, Manzi S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Nived O, Steinsson K, Zoma A, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim S, Kalunian K, Inanc M, van Vollenhoven R, Ramos-Casals M, Kamen DL, Jacobsen S, Peschken C, Askanase A, Stoll T, Bruce IN, Wettero J, Sjowall C. Osteopontin and disease activity in patients with recent-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Inception Cohort. J Rheumatol. 2019 May;46(5):492-500. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.180713. Epub 2019 Jan 15. PMID: 30647177. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30647177 Tessier-Cloutier B, Twa D, Baecklund E, Gascoyne R, Johnson NA, Backlin C, Kamen DL, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R, Lee JLF, Farinha P, Bernatsky S. Cell-of-Origin in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Molecular and Clinical Factors Associated with Survival. Lupus Sci Med. 2019; 6(1): e000324. Published online 2019 May 4. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2019-000324. PMCID: PMC6541753. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6541753/ Hanly J, Li Q, Urowitz M, Su L, Urowitz M, Gordon C, Bae SC, Romero-Diaz J, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Bernatsky S, Clarke AE, Wallace DJ, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Merrill JT, Fortin PR, Gladman DD, Bruce IN, Petri M, Ginzler E, Dooley MA, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Zoma AA, Manzi S, Nived O, Jonsen A, Khamashta MA, Alarcon GS, van Vollenhoven RF, Aranow C, Mackay M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Ramos-Casals M, Lim SS, Inanc M, Kalunian KC, Jacobsen S, Peschken CA, Kamen DL, Askanase A, Theriault C, Farewell V. Psychosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results from an International Inception Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019 Feb;71(2):281-289. doi: 10.1002/art.40764. Epub 2019 Jan 18. PMID: 30375754. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30375754 Little J, Parker B, Lunt M, Hanly J, Urowitz MB, Clarke AE, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Buyon J, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler E, Petri M, Dooley MA, Fortin P, Gladman DD, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Khamashta MA, Aranow C, Mackay M, Alarcon GS, Manzi S, Nived O, Jonsen A, Zoma AA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Kalunian KC, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Bruce IN. Glucocorticoid use and factors associated with variability in this use in the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Inception Cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Apr 1;57(4):677-687. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex444. PMID: 29361147. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361147 Demirci FY, Wang X, Morris DL, Feingold E, Bernatsky S, Pineau C, Clarke A, Ramsey-Goldman R, Manzi S, Vyse TJ, Kamboh MI. Multiple signals at the extended 8p23 locus are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. J Med Genet. 2017 Jun;54(6):381-389. doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104247. Epub 2017 Mar 13. PubMed PMID: 28289186. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289186 Barber MRW, Clarke AE. Socioeconomic consequences of systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017 May 16. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000416. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28520683. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28520683 Bernatsky S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Petri M, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Fortin PF, Ginzler E, Romero-Diaz J, Peschken C, Jacobsen S, Hanly JG, Gordon C, Nived O, Yelin EH, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Bae SC, Joseph L, Witte T, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Aranow C, Kamen D, Sturfeldt G, Foulkes WD, Hansen JE, St Pierre Y, Raymer PC, Tessier-Cloutier B, Clarke AE. Breast cancer in systemic lupus. Lupus. 2017 Mar;26(3):311-315. doi: 10.1177/0961203316664595. Epub 2016 Sep 30. PubMed PMID: 27687028; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5250552. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27687028 Segal L, Ben-Shoshan M, Alizadehfar R, Primeau MN, Asai Y, Killorn KR, Chan E, Cheuk S, Shand G, St-Pierre Y, Harada L, Clarke A. Initial and accidental reactions are managed inadequately in children with sesame allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017 Mar – Apr;5(2):482-485. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2016.08.007. Epub 2016 Oct 17. PubMed PMID: 27765458. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27765458 van Vollenhoven R, Voskuyl A, Bertsias G, Aranow C, Aringer M, Arnaud L, Askanase A, Balážová P, Bonfa E, Bootsma H, Boumpas D, Bruce I, Cervera R, Clarke A, Coney C, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Czirják L, Derksen R, Doria A, Dörner T, Fischer-Betz R, Fritsch-Stork R, Gordon C, Graninger W, Györi N, Houssiau F, Isenberg D, Jacobsen S, Jayne D, Kuhn A, Le Guern V, Lerstrøm K, Levy R, Machado-Ribeiro F, Mariette X, Missaykeh J, Morand E, Mosca M, Inanc M, Navarra S, Neumann I, Olesinska M, Petri M, Rahman A, Rekvig OP, Rovensky J, Shoenfeld Y, Smolen J, Tincani A, Urowitz M, van Leeuw B, Vasconcelos C, Voss A, Werth VP, Zakharova H, Zoma A, Schneider M, Ward M. A framework for remission in SLE: consensus findings from a large international task force on definitions of remission in SLE (DORIS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Mar;76(3):554-561. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209519. Epub 2016 Nov 24. Review. PubMed PMID: 27884822. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27884822 Lee AY, Enarson P, Clarke AE, La Vieille S, Eisman H, Chan ES, Mill C, Joseph L, Ben-Shoshan M. Anaphylaxis across two Canadian pediatric centers: evaluating management disparities. J Asthma Allergy. 2016 Dec 30;10:1-7. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S123053. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28115856; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5221795. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28115856 Choi MY, Clarke AE, St Pierre Y, Hanly JG, Urowitz MB, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler EM, Petri M, Bruce IN, Dooley MA, Fortin P, Gladman DD, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Khamashta MA, Aranow C, Alarcón GS, Manzi S, Nived O, Zoma AA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Kalunian KC, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Buyon J, Mahler M, Fritzler MJ. The prevalence and determinants of anti-DFS70 autoantibodies in an international inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus. 2017 Jan 1:961203317692437. doi: 10.1177/0961203317692437. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28420054 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28420054 Chan K, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R, Foulkes W, Tessier Cloutier B, Urowitz MB, Gladman D, Nived O, Romero-Diaz J, Petri M, Ginzler E, Fortin PR, Bae SC, Wallace DJ, Yelin EH, Bernatsky S. Breast cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): receptor status and treatment. Lupus. 2017 Jan 1:961203317713146. doi: 10.1177/0961203317713146. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28595511. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28595511 O’Keefe A, Clarke A, St Pierre Y, Mill J, Asai Y, Eisman H, La Vieille S, Alizadehfar R, Joseph L, Morris J, Gravel J, Ben-Shoshan M. The Risk of Recurrent Anaphylaxis. J Pediatr. 2017 Jan;180:217-221. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.09.028. Epub 2016 Oct 12. PubMed PMID: 27743592. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27743592 Marra CA, Harvard S, Grubisic M, Galo J, Clarke A, Elliott S, Lynd LD. Consumer preferences for food allergen labeling. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2017 Apr 4;13:19. doi: 10.1186/s13223-017-0189-6. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28392808; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5379517. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28392808 Adatia A, Clarke AE, Yanishevsky Y, Ben-Shoshan M. Sesame allergy: current perspectives. J Asthma Allergy. 2017 Apr 27;10:141-151. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S113612. eCollection 2017. Review. PubMed PMID: 28490893; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5414576. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28490893 Carter EE, Barr SG, Clarke AE. The global burden of SLE: prevalence, health disparities and socioeconomic impact. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;12(10):605-20. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.137. Epub 2016 Aug 25. Review. PubMed PMID: 27558659. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27558659 Vinet É, Genest G, Scott S, Pineau CA, Clarke AE, Platt RW, Bernatsky S. Brief Report: Causes of Stillbirths in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;68(10):2487-91. doi: 10.1002/art.39742. PubMed PMID: 27159385. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27159385 Dean J, Fenton NE, Shannon S, Elliott SJ, Clarke A. Disclosing food allergy status in schools: health-related stigma among school children in Ontario. Health Soc Care Community. 2016 Sep;24(5):e43-52. doi: 10.1111/hsc.12244. Epub 2015 May 4. PubMed PMID: 25939442. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25939442 Hanly JG, Su L, Urowitz MB, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Clarke AE, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler EM, Petri M, Bruce IN, Dooley MA, Fortin P, Gladman DD, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Steinsson K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Khamashta MA, Aranow C, Alarcón GS, Fessler BJ, Manzi S, Nived O, Sturfelt GK, Zoma AA, van Vollenhoven RF, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Kalunian KC, Inanc M, Kamen DL, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Theriault C, Farewell V. A Longitudinal Analysis of Outcomes of Lupus Nephritis in an International Inception Cohort Using a Multistate Model Approach. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Aug;68(8):1932-44. doi: 10.1002/art.39674. PubMed PMID: 26991067. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26991067 Choi MY, Barber MR, Barber CE, Clarke AE, Fritzler MJ. Preventing the development of SLE: identifying risk factors and proposing pathways for clinical care. Lupus. 2016 Jul;25(8):838-49. doi: 10.1177/0961203316640367. Review. PubMed PMID: 27252260. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27252260 Noble PW, Bernatsky S, Clarke AE, Isenberg DA, Ramsey-Goldman R, Hansen JE. DNA-damaging autoantibodies and cancer: the lupus butterfly theory. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016 Jul;12(7):429-34. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.23. Epub 2016 Mar 24. Review. PubMed PMID: 27009542. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27009542 Hochstadter E, Clarke A, De Schryver S, LaVieille S, Alizadehfar R, Joseph L, Eisman H, Ben-Shoshan M. Increasing visits for anaphylaxis and the benefits of early epinephrine administration: A 4-year study at a pediatric emergency department in Montreal, Canada. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Jun;137(6):1888-1890.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.016. Epub 2016 Apr 20. PubMed PMID: 27106202. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27106202 De Schryver S, Halbrich M, Clarke A, La Vieille S, Eisman H, Alizadehfar R, Joseph L, Morris J, Ben-Shoshan M. Tryptase levels in children presenting with anaphylaxis: Temporal trends and associated factors. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Apr;137(4):1138-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.001. Epub 2015 Oct 21. PubMed PMID: 26478007. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26478007 Bernatsky S, Smargiassi A, Barnabe C, Svenson LW, Brand A, Martin RV, Hudson M, Clarke AE, Fortin PR, van Donkelaar A, Edworthy S, Bélisle P, Joseph L. Fine particulate air pollution and systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease in two Canadian provinces. Environ Res. 2016 Apr;146:85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.12.021. Epub 2015 Dec 24. PubMed PMID: 26724462. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26724462 Hanly JG, O’Keeffe AG, Su L, Urowitz MB, Romero-Diaz J, Gordon C, Bae SC, Bernatsky S, Clarke AE, Wallace DJ, Merrill JT, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Ginzler EM, Fortin P, Gladman DD, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Petri M, Bruce IN, Dooley MA, Ramsey-Goldman R, Aranow C, Alarcón GS, Fessler BJ, Steinsson K, Nived O, Sturfelt GK, Manzi S, Khamashta MA, van Vollenhoven RF, Zoma AA, Ramos-Casals M, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim SS, Stoll T, Inanc M, Kalunian KC, Kamen DL, Maddison P, Peschken CA, Jacobsen S, Askanase A, Theriault C, Thompson K, Farewell V. The frequency and outcome of lupus nephritis: results from an international inception cohort study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016 Feb;55(2):252-62. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev311. Epub 2015 Sep 5. PubMed PMID: 26342222; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4939728. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26342222 Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Anderson NM, Su J, Romero-Diaz J, Bae SC, Fortin PR, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Gordon C, Hanly JG, Wallace DJ, Isenberg D, Rahman A, Merrill J, Ginzler E, Alarcón GS, Fessler BF, Petri M, Bruce IN, Khamashta M, Aranow C, Dooley M, Manzi S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Sturfelt G, Nived O, Steinsson K, Zoma A, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim S, Kalunian KC, Ỉnanç M, van Vollenhoven R, Ramos-Casals M, Kamen DL, Jacobsen S, Peschken C, Askanase A, Stoll T. Cardiovascular events prior to or early after diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics cohort. Lupus Sci Med. 2016 Apr 12;3(1):e000143. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2015-000143. eCollection 2016. Erratum in: Lupus Sci Med. 2016;3(1):e000143corr1. PubMed PMID: 27099765; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4836282. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27099765 Zahedi Niaki O, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R, Yeung R, Hayward K, Oen K, Duffy CM, Rosenberg A, O’Neil KM, von Scheven E, Schanberg L, Labrecque J, Tse SM, Hasija R, Lee JL, Bernatsky S. Malignancy incidence in 5294 patients with juvenile arthritis. RMD Open. 2016 May 2;2(1):e000212. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000212. eCollection 2016. PubMed PMID: 27175293; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4860862. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27175293 Ramsey-Goldman R, Brar A, Richardson C, Salifu MO, Clarke A, Bernatsky S, Stefanov DG, Jindal RM. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) for cancer after renal transplant in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and non-SLE recipients. Lupus Sci Med. 2016 Jun 6;3(1):e000156. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2016-000156. eCollection 2016. PubMed PMID: 27335659; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4908873. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27335659 Demirci FY, Wang X, Kelly JA, Morris DL, Barmada MM, Feingold E, Kao AH, Sivils KL, Bernatsky S, Pineau C, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R, Vyse TJ, Gaffney PM, Manzi S, Kamboh MI. Identification of a New Susceptibility Locus for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Chromosome 12 in Individuals of European Ancestry. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Jan;68(1):174-83. doi: 10.1002/art.39403. PubMed PMID: 26316170; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4747422. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26316170 Kimchi N, Clarke A, Moisan J, Lachaine C, La Vieille S, Asai Y, Joseph L, Mill C, Ben-Shoshan M. Anaphylaxis cases presenting to primary care paramedics in Quebec. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2015 Aug 16;3(4):406-10. doi: 10.1002/iid3.78. eCollection 2015 Dec. 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